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ru.linux
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From : Sergey Lentsov 2:4615/71.10 22 Mar 2001 18:11:28
To : All
Subject : URL: http://lwn.net/2001/0322/devel.php3
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See also: [14]last week's Development page.
Development projects
News and Editorials
The [15]ALSA (Advanced Linux Sound Architecture) sound driver provides
an alternative to the older and more common [16]OSS/Free driver. The
ALSA project has been around since early 1998 and has achieved a level
of stability that makes it worthy as a substitute for OSS/Free. The
project is currently working toward the 0.9 stable release; the third
0.9 beta release came out on March 20. The question that comes up is:
why use ALSA?
[17][ALSA] The [18]ALSA Introduction sheds some light on the question.
The goals of the ALSA project include maintaining backwards
compatibility with the [19]OSS/Free API while providing a more capable
[20]Library API for ALSA based systems. This allows a large number of
existing OSS/Free based applications to run with the ALSA driver. The
OSS compatibility is provided via an optional set of loadable modules,
so those who do not require backwards compatibility need not expend
unnecessary system resources on it. In addition to being able to run
OSS applications, the ALSA driver has a number of [21]native
applications that use the ALSA Library API.
One of the more obvious differences between ALSA and OSS/Free is that
a working ALSA based system uses a number of small loadable modules,
whereas OSS comes in the form of one large module. If MIDI support is
not required, the module need not be loaded. This makes ALSA a good
candidate for embedded Linux applications.
The ALSA sequencer code is designed to give better response times for
MIDI sequencer functions, making an ALSA based system suitable for a
wider variety of uses than just simple playback. The goal of this part
of the project is to be able to run real-time MIDI functions on Linux
that compare with older Macintosh and Atari ST systems, a non-trivial
feat on a multitasking OS like Linux.
The ALSA API is more fully featured than the OSS/Free API and utilizes
more of the features found on modern sound cards. It may be necessary
to switch to ALSA in order to utilize all of the features of newer
sound chips, such as the digital audio input on the nifty CMI8738/PCI
chip, which supports true 44.1Khz digital audio input without noisy
resampling. The OSS/Free API closely mirrors the hardware design of
older SoundBlaster sound cards, but that is a design that is becoming
increasingly outdated. Since they have started from the beginning, the
ALSA developers have, presumably, been able to study the shortcomings
of the older drivers and work on those weaknesses.
ALSA is not currently supported by all of the major Linux
distributions, for instance, it is included with SuSE, but not with
Red Hat. Installation on a Red Hat system requires removal of the OSS
driver and addition of the ALSA modules in the /etc/modules.conf file.
This process is detailed in the the [22]ALSA documentation, but is
nonetheless a non-trivial job that would likely scare off those who
are new to Linux. The SuSE distribution makes the ALSA driver
installation fairly easy. ALSA will likely be included in the Linux
2.5 series kernels natively, if that happens, it will probably show up
as an option in more Linux distributions. Give ALSA a try, it works
rather nicely.
Richard Stallman on Savannah. [23]Last week's LWN development page
looked at project hosting sites including [24]Savannah, the GNU
project's SourceForge-based project hosting site. Richard Stallman
[25]wrote a letter to LWN that clarifies some of the issues that we
reported on. Among other things, Savannah is currently only open to
GNU projects. We also made the mistake of grouping Savannah with "open
source" hosting sites; it should be listed as a "free software
project" hosting site.
Backup Software
Announcing Paranoid Backup. A new Perl based backup system, Paranoid
Backup, [26]has been announced. "Paranoid Backup is designed to work
with cheap tape drives and cheap tapes without shoeshining or losing
data; to never overwrite old backups; and to use as few tapes as
possible."
Clusters
New stable release of heartbeat. [27]Heartbeat 0.4.9, a new stable
version of the heartbeat clustering code, has been announced. It is
the first version tested by the automated Cluster Test System (CTS)
which allows it to be hammered with tens of thousands of failovers.
"This is a significant milestone for the project, and contains a great
many new features and bug fixes from many contributors, new and old".
Databases
An Introduction to MySQL. The [28]MySQL site has started a new
articles section; [29]An introduction to MySQL is the first feature
article.
PostgreSQL Non-FAQ Documentation. A new [30]set of PostgreSQL
documents has been published by Justin Clift. Included are quick
reference materials, bug workarounds, performance tips, and more.
Documentation
LDP Weekly News, March 20th, 2001. Changes at the [31]Linux
Documentation Project this week include updates to the NVidia
Configuration guide and the modem howto, along with a new document on
how to write HOWTO documents using LinuxDoc.
Here, also, is [32]the Linux Documentation Project Weekly News for
March 13, 2001, which managed to escape mention in last week's LWN. It
covers the new Bugzilla guide, an ambitious Malay translation project,
and updates to several documents.
Education
SEUL/edu Linux in Education Report. The [33]SEUL/edu Linux in
Education Report for March 19, 2001 is out. This issue features
discussions of teaching systems administration to students, using
Linux for teaching English as a second language, and more.
Embedded Systems
BusyBox 0.50 released. A new version of BusyBox [34]has been released.
BusyBox provides a number of common command line utilities in a single
binary file.. "This release adds several new applets including
ifconfig, route, pivot_root, stty, and tftp, and also fixes tons of
bugs. Tab completion in the shell is now working very well, and the
shell's environment variable expansion was fixed. Tons of other things
were fixed or made smaller."
Peer to Peer
The practice of peer-to-peer computing: Introduction and history (IBM
developerWorks). Todd Sundsted [35]discusses peer-to-peer computing in
an IBM developerWorks article. "In spite of the hype, P2P computing is
important, and it's beginning to look like the paradigm with a large
enough slice of mindshare to move a number of promising technologies
from the wings into the limelight. Therefore, it's important to
understand where P2P computing fits into the broader technological
landscape."
Standards
Linux standard deviation impedes developers (ZDNet). Examining the
flipside to the advantage of Linux distribution diversity, ZDNet looks
at [36]the issues applications developers face with so many choices.
"There are many reasons you don't see a lot of commercial application
software for Linux, but I have to put the lack of a single porting
standard near the top. In my view, it even impedes the progress of
open source software. The effort spent porting code and packages to
multiple distributions is effort that could -- and should -- be spent
making the packages themselves better."
LSB-OS test suite beta. [37]LSB-OS 0.7beta has hit the wires. This is
an additional test set that gives further API coverage in support of
the Linux Standard Base.
Window Systems
KDE-Women launches. [38][Katie] A new site at [39]women.kde.org has
hit the net. As stated in the introduction: "We want to build an
international KDE forum for women by providing a place where women can
present what they already contribute to KDE and where women, who want
to contribute, find a starting point."
GtkFB: GTK+ for the Linux Framebuffer (LinuxDevices). LinuxDevices has
run an article by Red Hat's Alexander Larsson on [40]using GTK+
without the X Window System. "In the upcoming GTK+2.0 release, GTK+
will support rendering directly to the framebuffer instead of using
the X Window System. This is good for embedded systems such as PDAs
and other systems with very limited resources, because they are able
to run without the overhead of an X server while still taking
advantage of the power of GTK+ and the large base of existing
programs."
Web application servers
Zope 2.3.1 beta 3. The third beta release of Zope 2.3.1 has been
[41]announced. See [42]the changelog for a full list of what has gone
into this release - it is almost entirely bug fixes.
Section Editor: [43]Forrest Cook
March 22, 2001
Desktop Links
[44]Gnome
[45]KDE
[46]XFce
[47]GTK+
[48]Window Managers
Application Links
[49]GIMP
[50]Mozilla
[51]Galeon
[52]High Availability
[53]ht://Dig
[54]MagicPoint
[55]Wine
[56]Worldforge
[57]Zope
More Information
[58]AppWatch
[59]Freshmeat
[60]SourceForge
Programming Languages
Caml
Objective Caml 3.01 released. A new release of Objective Caml [61]has
been released. "Caml is a strongly-typed functional programming
language from the ML family." (Thanks to David Mentre)
Haskell
Why People Aren't Using Haskell. Dejan Jelovi [62]discusses the slow
rise of the Haskell language. "The fact that Perl, Python and Ruby
have become popular while Haskell has stayed a marginal language is a
failure of the Haskell community. The Haskell community has failed to
build a useful distribution [of] Haskell, and it has failed to
position the language as something that people can use to solve their
problems." An interesting read.
Java
Using Tomcat (O'Reilly). James Goodwill [63]writes about Apache's
Jakarta-Tomcat server in an O'Reilly OnJava.com article. "The Tomcat
server is a Java-based Web Application container that was created to
run Servlet and JavaServer Page web applications. It has become the
reference implementation for both the Servlet and JSP specifications.
The purpose of this first article is to give you a basic understanding
of web applications."
Lisp
Gnu CLISP 2.25 released. A new version of Gnu CLISP [64]is available.
This release features non-blocking binary i/o, support for IA-64 under
Linux, and better ANSI compliance among other things.
Perl
Perl 5 Porters for March 19, 2001. The [65]March 19, 2001 edition of
Perl 5 Porters is out. This week's topics include Perl 5.6.1-TRIAL3,
goto, the reset bug, the distributive arrow operator, and more.
The Perl You Need to Know Part 22: Warts and All (Web Developer's
virtual library). Aaron Weiss discusses [66]Perl features and gotchas
in an article on Web Developer's virtual library. "This month we get
negative, putting a big mirror up to the camel that is Perl, and
taking stock of its lumps. It's only fair. As a Perl developer, you
benefit from knowing not only the strengths and capabilities of a
programming language, but also its limitations."
Perl/Tk binary available. New RPM source and binary packages for
Perl/Tk [67]have been made available.
PHP
PHP Weekly Summary for March 19, 2001. The [68]March 19, 2001 edition
of the PHP Weekly Summary is available. This edition covers PHP 4.0.5
RC1, extensions for YP/NIS+, ClibPDF, IMAP and DBX, and a PHP FastCGI
version of PHP.
Python
This week's Python-URL. [69]Dr. Dobb's Python-URL for March 19, 2001
is out with the usual collection of interesting stuff from the Python
community.
Python-dev newsletter for March 14. Michael Hudson's [70]Python-dev
summary for March 14, 2001 by is out. It covers "a quiet fortnight" in
Python development, including a bunch of work on new approaches to
numbers and numeric types.
Python 9 conference notes (Python Journal). The Python Journal
features [71]notes from the Python 9 conference, recently held in Long
Beach, California. Read about Python on the Palm Pilot, PSF projects,
big applications, language design, and more.
Using Mix-ins with Python (Linux Journal). Chuck Esterbrook
[72]discusses Python mix-ins in a Linux Journal article. "Mix-in
programming is a style of software development where units of
functionality are created in a class and then mixed in with other
classes. This might sound like simple inheritance at first, but a
mix-in differs from a traditional class in one or more of the
following ways. Often a mix-in is not the ``primary'' superclass of
any given class, does not care what class it is used with, is used
with many classes scattered throughout the class hierarchy and is
introduced dynamically at runtime."
Python creator: Perl users are moving to Python (EnterpriseLinux).
Enterprise Linux [73]interviews Guido van Rossum, creator of Python.
"if all you need to do is simple text processing, you might use Perl.
Python, much more than Perl, encourages clean coding habits to make it
easy for other people to follow what you are doing. I've seen a lot of
people who were developing in Perl moving to Python because it's
easier to use. Where Python wins is when you have users who are not
very sophisticated but have to write some code."
gdchart-py 0.6 available. Version 0.6 of gdchart-py [74]has been
released. "gdchart-py is a Python interface to GDChart, a library for
creating charts and graphs in PNG, JPEG, and GIF format."
Tcl/Tk
Wave Surfer 1.0 released. Version 1.0 of [75]Wave Surfer has been
released. "WaveSurfer is a tool for recording, playing, editing,
viewing, printing, and labelling audio data. WaveSurfer is suited for
a wide range of tasks in speech research and education."
Section Editor: [76]Forrest Cook
Language Links
[77]Erlang
[78]Guile
[79]Haskell
[80]Blackdown.org
[81]Caml
[82]IBM Java Zone
[83]Jython
[84]Perl News
[85]Use Perl
[86]PHP
[87]PHP Weekly Summary [88]Daily Python-URL
[89]Python.org
[90]Python.faqts
[91]Ruby
[92]Smalltalk
[93]Tcl Developer Xchange
[94]Tcltk.com
[95]Regular Expressions
[96]Next: Commerce
[97]Eklektix, Inc. Linux powered! Copyright Л 2001 [98]Eklektix, Inc.,
all rights reserved
Linux (R) is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds
References
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2. http://ads.tucows.com/click.ng/pageid=001-012-132-000-000-005-000-000-012
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98. http://www.eklektix.com/
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URL: http://lwn.net/2001/0322/devel.php3 |
Sergey Lentsov |
22 Mar 2001 18:11:28 |
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