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 From : Sergey Lentsov                       2:4615/71.10   12 Apr 2001  17:11:05
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 Subject : URL: http://lwn.net/2001/0412
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    See also: [46]last week's LWN.
    
 Leading items and editorials
 
    The Unified Embedded Platform Specification. Embedded Linux has been
    much in the news, due to the semi-annual Embedded Systems Conference.
    One of the more interesting items has been [47]the announcement from
    the Embedded Linux Consortium on the creation of the "Unified Embedded
    Platform Specification."
    
    This specification seeks to create a set of standard interfaces for
    embedded Linux systems. It will be heavily based on existing
    standards, including POSIX, the Single Unix Specification, and the
    Linux Standard Base. The plan is to have the specification ready for
    public release in "a few months," with a test suite and certification
    program available within a year. The announcement talks of outsourcing
    the test suite development to either the Free Standards Group or The
    Open Group. Future additions will even include a graphical user
    interface specification.
    
    The purpose, of course, is to better position embedded Linux to
    compete against the other contenders in the field: Windows CE,
    VxWorks, and even PalmOS. The embedded Linux industry senses victory:
    using Linux in embedded systems just makes too much sense to ignore.
    Source availability, good small-system performance, and no royalties
    make a compelling combination; even in the current economic climate,
    the embedded Linux firms are seeing a lot of interest. The Unified
    Embedded Linux Specification is intended to help ensure that Linux
    will dominate the embedded marketplace.
    
    And there may be a real need for this specification. There are many
    contenders in this market ([48]CoolLogic, [49]Lineo, [50]LynuxWorks,
    [51]Montavista, [52]Red Hat, [53]REDSonic, [54]TimeSys, [55]Transmeta,
    [56]Transvirtual, and many others), each of which is trying to
    distinguish its products from the others. In many cases, their
    strategies include the incorporation of proprietary software products.
    Embedded Linux products could easily diverge from each other to the
    point that they truly are different systems, and that is unlikely to
    be good for the market as a whole. If the specification is successful,
    this fragmentation may be avoided, and domination of the (embedded)
    world will be that much easier.
    
    The end of free beer? Libranet Linux surprised a number of people a
    couple of weeks ago with [57]its new download policy. Those wanting an
    ISO image of Libranet 1.8.2 can download it for free as always. If,
    however, you want version 1.9.0, you'll have to pay $15 first. Free
    downloads for this (Debian-based) distribution are now a thing of the
    past.
    
    Meanwhile, there has been some grumbling about the fact that there is
    no installable SuSE 7.1 ISO image available. SuSE has chosen not to
    release the CD image, and the licensing of its YAST tool makes it
    difficult for others to do so. Note that the distribution is available
    on the net, and FTP installs are possible - but you can't make a CD.
    
    What is going on here is reasonably obvious. Bandwidth can be
    expensive; as more people get broadband connections that make it
    possible to think about downloading CD images, the bandwidth required
    to provide those images skyrockets. Distributors also can't help but
    feel that CD image downloads will, to some extent, result in reduced
    sales. And distributors, in the end, need to make money, somehow.
    
    Thus, we are starting to see some attempts at controlling ISO image
    downloads. An immediate question that comes to mind, of course, is
    whether users will accept having to pay for ISO image downloads. So we
    asked Libranet's Jon Danzig how things were going:
    
      During the time we were on Slashdot we had the paying download
      going non stop. It's slowed down a bit now, but this is in my
      opinion caused by the lack of ongoing publicity rather than any
      negative reactions. People really like the idea that they can get
      the latest ISO [image] within a few hours rather than having to
      wait for the CD. The $15 price doesn't seem to cause anyone a
      problem.
      
    In the short term, at least, it appears that payment for downloads
    might just fly.
    
    Another question we have seen raised is whether this sort of charge is
    allowed by the GPL. That one is easy: the GPL does not require that
    anybody distribute software for free. There will be no licensing
    problem with a charge for downloading. If, however, a company attempts
    to restrict further redistribution of the downloaded software, that
    would be a different story.
    
    If free downloads do get harder to come by, we will essentially be
    going back to the past. Five years ago, there was little interest in
    downloading an entire distribution - few people had that kind of
    patience. People who wanted Linux bought a CD, either from the
    distributor or from a retailer selling cheaper copies. It may turn out
    that the free download was a late 1990's anomaly, and not the way it
    works in the long run.
    
    SourceXchange shuts down. In the battle for corporate funding of open
    source software, many models have been created. One of the first, and
    most obvious, was the matching of qualified developers with companies
    who had specific needs. At least [58]two projects were started in 1999
    to address this market: [59]CoSource and [60]SourceXchange. While the
    fate of CoSource is currently unknown, SourceXchange, which was
    originally started as a joint project between technical book publisher
    O'Reilly and Hewlett-Packard, has finally decided to [61]call it a
    day.
    
    In a story first seen on C|Net's News.com, Collab.net's CTO and
    Co-Founder Brian Behlendorf talked about the [62]demise of
    SourceXchange. "While a unique idea, and one that we feel really
    adhered more closely to the open-source ideal than any other
    work-for-hire site ever did, it simply did not achieve the volume of
    business necessary to maintain the site and evolve the offering to
    meet the needs of sponsors and developers".
    
    Behlendorf, whose Collab.net company was the parent of SourceXchange,
    noted in an email message that the site had been quiet for some time.
    "After an initial spurt of interest, and a couple of successfully
    completed projects, we found that the overhead of being the broker and
    having to manually assist developers and sponsors had a higher cost
    than what we were getting in return."
    
    Behlendorf also said that he felt most companies were becoming
    comfortable using in-house developers for open source projects and
    that the market for outsourcing development just never materialized.
    "I thought by and large the sponsors and developers had an honest
    interest in seeing this model work, as did we," said the project's
    CTO, "and I was happy with the code that was produced through the
    service. We just didn't get critical mass, even to support a small
    business such as ours."
    
    While SourceXchange is set to wrap things up, it's main competitor
    seems to be in a bit of limbo. CoSource, formed by a company called
    Veriteam, which later became VistaSource when bought by Applix who in
    turn [63]recently sold it to Parallax, has posted no news on their Web
    site since October 2000 even though project requests and status
    updates are still being posted through the first week of April 2001.
    Unfortunately, the fate of this venture has [64]not been mentioned in
    corporate responses to the demise of Applix's desktop products after
    the sale of VistaSource to Parallax.
    
    The folks at CollabNet are not closing their doors completely,
    however, and will now be working full-time on their collaborative
    development platform known as [65]SourceCast. Behlendorf also stated
    that the code for managing development projects under SourceXchange
    will be made available to interested parties, though as this time
    Collab.net doesn't currently have it packaged in a distributable
    format. Interested parties should contact Brian Behlendorf at
    [66]brian@collab.net.
    
    Inside this week's Linux Weekly News:
      * [67]Security: Adore's kernel module and a way to protect against
        loadable kernel modules, ntp and Netscape vulnerabilities.
      * [68]Kernel: Nailing down the 2.4 bugs; no more jiffies?; CML2 1.0.
      * [69]Distributions: Fried Chicken Linux, DSPLinux and CDLinux join
        the list. News from Red Hat, Debian, Slackware, Linux-Mandrake and
        more.
      * [70]On the Desktop: Bonobo comes out, GUADEC ends, and KDE goes in
        (embedded, that is).
      * [71]Development: Apache 2.0, Kdevelop, Scientific Python, Two New
        Perls, O-O History.
      * [72]Commerce: Embedded Systems have a Hot Time in San Francisco.
      * [73]History: Three years ago Eric S. Raymond released Homesteading
        the Noosphere; two years ago, the Mindcraft study.
      * [74]Letters: Auto upgrades; kernel summit; Wind River and the GPL.
        
    ...plus the usual array of reports, updates, and announcements.
    
    This Week's LWN was brought to you by:
      * [75]Jonathan Corbet, Executive Editor
      * [76]Elizabeth O. Coolbaugh, Managing Editor
      * [77]Michael J. Hammel, Senior Editor
        
    April 12, 2001
    
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                                                        [80]Next: Security
    
    [81]Eklektix, Inc. Linux powered! Copyright Л 2001 [82]Eklektix, Inc.,
    all rights reserved
    Linux (R) is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds
 
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    7. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/devel.php3
    8. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/commerce.php3
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   22. http://linux.tucows.com/
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   30. http://lwn.net/2001/features/LarryWall/
   31. http://lwn.net/2001/features/Momjian/
   32. http://lwn.net/2000/features/Timeline/
   33. http://lwn.net/2000/features/ESR/
   34. http://lwn.net/2000/features/Comdex/index.php3
   35. http://lwn.net/2000/features/Comdex/RansomLove.php3
   36. http://lwn.net/2000/features/Guido.php3
   37. http://lwn.net/2000/features/PaulEveritt.php3
   38. http://lwn.net/2000/features/ESC/
   39. http://lwn.net/2000/features/ESC/ELC.php3
   40. http://lwn.net/2000/features/OLS/
   41. http://lwn.net/2000/features/CBunks/
   42. http://lwn.net/2000/features/pcb/
   43. http://lwn.net/2000/features/Axis/
   44. http://lwn.net/2000/features/FSLCluster/
   45. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/
   46. http://lwn.net/2001/0405/
   47. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/a/ueps.php3
   48. http://www.coollogic.com/coollinux.asp
   49. http://www.lineo.com/
   50. http://www.lynuxworks.com/
   51. http://www.mvista.com/
   52. http://www.redhat.com/embedded/
   53. http://www.redsonic.com/
   54. http://www.timesys.com/
   55. http://midori.transmeta.com/
   56. http://www.pocketlinux.com/
   57. http://www.libranet.com/download.html
   58. http://lwn.net/1999/0520/
   59. http://www.cosource.com/
   60. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/
   61. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/a/sourcexchange.php3
   62. http://news.cnet.com/news/0-1003-200-5532903.html
   63.
 http://www.businesswire.com/cgi-bin/f_headline.cgi?bw.031501/210742139&ticker=AP
 LX
   64. http://linuxtoday.com/news_story.php3?ltsn=2000-11-28-025-04-NW-CY
   65. http://www.sourcecast.com/
   66. mailto:brian@collab.net
   67. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/security.php3
   68. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/kernel.php3
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   73. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/history.php3
   74. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/letters.php3
   75. mailto:lwn@lwn.net
   76. mailto:lwn@lwn.net
   77. mailto:lwn@lwn.net
   78. http://ads.tucows.com/click.ng/buttonpos=lwnbutton125top
   79. http://ads.tucows.com/click.ng/buttonpos=125-001-016
   80. http://lwn.net/2001/0412/security.php3
   81. http://www.eklektix.com/
   82. http://www.eklektix.com/
 
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