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 From : Sergey Lentsov                       2:4615/71.10   27 Sep 2001  17:28:33
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 Subject : URL: http://www.lwn.net/2001/0927/
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    Here is the [36]permanent site for this page.
    
    See also: [37]last week's LWN.
    
 Leading items and editorials
 
    Gartner: dump IIS. The analysts have released a new set of
    proclamations relating to Linux and free software. Analyst opinions
    should always be taken with a grain of salt (if not an entire shaker
    of salt); they do not always reveal a deep understanding of how free
    software works. Nonetheless, they are a good indicator of how a
    certain segment of the world views free software.
    
    The Gartner Group is one of those analyst operations that has shown,
    over time, an inability to "get" what makes Linux what it is. The
    Group's opinions have generally been hostile. So [38]the latest words
    of wisdom from Gartner are doubly interesting when they state:
    
      Gartner recommends that businesses hit by both Code Red and Nimda
      immediately investigate alternatives to IIS, including moving Web
      applications to Web server software from other vendors such as
      iPlanet and Apache. Although those Web servers have required some
      security patches, they have much better security records than IIS
      and are not under active attack by the vast number of virus and
      worm writers.
      
    Apache, of course, is not a "vendor," but we'll let that pass. It's a
    slow process, but the corporate world is beginning to figure out that
    free software offers some real security advantages.
    
    It is important, too, that web servers are the subject of this
    discussion. Some have claimed that Linux is free of email viruses only
    because, as an obscure (on the desktop) platform, it is not an
    interesting target for virus authors. But Apache is the dominant web
    server platform; anybody wishing to attack large numbers of systems
    via a web server would look at Apache first. The "obscure and
    uninteresting" argument will not wash here.
    
    D.H. Brown's enterprise functionality study. A much more detailed
    proclamation can be found in the "2001 Linux Function Review" recently
    [39]announced by D.H. Brown Associates. The full report is available
    from [40]the D.H. Brown site, but only for those with $1500 to hand
    over. Those willing to register can get an "executive summary" in PDF
    format for free.
    
    The report looks at several Linux distributions and reviews their
    functionality in a number of areas. The boiled-down rankings, from
    best to worst, are:
      * SuSE Linux 7.2, "good."
      * Red Hat Linux 7.1, "good."
      * Caldera OpenLinux 3.1, "above average."
      * Turbolinux Server 6.5, "above average."
      * Debian GNU/Linux 2.2r3, "above average."
        
    All but Debian beat the "weakest Unix" (UnixWare 7.1.1), but none
    achieved the "very good" rating of the stronger Unix systems. D.H.
    Brown's reasoning is worth a look; it provides a sort of shopping list
    of features that one set of customers, at least, would like to see.
    
    The ranking between the distributions is, to a great extent, driven by
    how current they are. Distributions shipping a 2.4 kernel came out
    ahead of those still shipping 2.2 (Turbolinux and Debian). Beyond
    that, D.H. Brown looked mostly at the additional features built in by
    each distributor.
    
    Red Hat wins in the "scalability" category, seemingly because of its
    published SPECWeb results. SuSE got a lower rating because it lacks
    those results, and "a lack of support for key third-party load
    balancing software options." Caldera was penalized for not having a
    shipping 64-bit distribution. D.H. Brown remains unsatisfied, however,
    with Linux scalability:
    
      ...no Linux distribution yet provides scalability functions that
      are competitive with RISC-based Unix systems. The largest Unix
      systems can support up to 256 GB of main memory and 128 CPU's, far
      beyond Linux's practical limitation of eight processors.
      
    Among kernel developers (and others), the question of whether Linux
    should ever scale to that many processors remains highly
    controversial. Those wanting support of hundreds or thousands of
    processors in an SMP mode are likely to be disappointed with the
    mainstream Linux kernel; making a kernel work in that environment
    carries a number of performance and maintainability costs.
    
    SuSE, instead, wins the "Reliability, Availability, and
    Serviceability" (RAS) category. D.H. Brown liked the inclusion of
    ReiserFS, the S/390 partition support, and logical volume manager
    (LVM) support. But, says D.H. Brown, "True High Availability
    clustering options for Linux remain in their infancy." Also:
    
      ...leading Unix systems have added features for planned downtime
      reductions, such as live operating system upgrades and kernel
      hot-patching, which are not available in Linux.
      
    "Kernel hot-patching" in Linux may be problematic, but the comment on
    live upgrades shows an ignorance of the upgrade capabilities provided
    by a number of distributions, led by Debian's apt system.
    
    SuSE was also declared the leader in the "system management" category,
    due to the inclusion of LVM and its installation and administration
    tools. No distribution's administration tools were considered to be
    all that great, however. There was also an interesting comment:
    
      While ease of use has long been a point of differentiation between
      the various Linux distributions, most of the studied vendors have
      focused on easing installation and desktop usability, rather than
      enterprise systems management. All of the studied distributions
      provide strong tools for software installation and management,
      based on either the RPM package manager or the Debian packaging
      system, but none provide advanced event management capabilities,
      which are critical for administrators who must monitor a large
      number of systems.
      
    Given that a number of distributors have targeted the large enterprise
    market, they may wish to think about improving things in this area.
    
    Red Hat was declared to be the best for Internet and web application
    services, mostly for its support of proprietary, third-party
    platforms. Caldera's broad protocol support was also called out,
    however. All distributions were criticized for their lack of support
    for Java2 Enterprise Edition servers. The last category was "directory
    and security services," though security does not appear to enter much
    into their evaluations. SuSE came out on top as a result of its
    inclusion of the latest Samba
    
    Overall:
    
      Based on the results of this latest functional evaluation, DHBA
      believes that the leading Linux distributions are now quite capable
      of serving as general-purpose operating systems for a broad range
      of departmental and workgroup applications.
      
    The study is interesting as a comparison of the distributions, and as
    an expression of a certain type of shopping list. It remains, however,
    a shopping list. In its comparison of distributions, against each
    other and against proprietary Unix, it looks only at which features
    can be checked off for each. Features are important, but the drive to
    complete feature lists leads to bloated, immature software releases.
    
    A company looking at adopting Linux would be well advised to look
    beyond the feature comparison. After all, it is not hard to add a
    journaling filesystem to a distribution that lacks one. The real life
    and value of a distribution can be found in the openness of its
    development process, its approach to security, the strength of its
    user community, and the integration of the distribution as a whole.
    D.H. Brown has provided an interesting study, but it missed much that
    is important.
    
    A quick Sklyarov update. Current events in the world have turned eyes
    elsewhere, but Dmitry Sklyarov remains under indictment. Here's [41]a
    quick update from the EFF on what's up. Dmitry has a new lawyer, John
    Keker, the "[42]Lawyer Lawyers Would Hire If They Got Busted" Among
    other things, Mr. Keker handled the prosecution of Oliver North in the
    Iran-Contra scandal. The next hearing will happen on November 26.
    
    Inside this LWN.net weekly edition:
      * [43]Security: Serious PHP-Nuke vulnerability.
      * [44]Kernel: A radical VM change; The question of proprietary
        security modules.
      * [45]Distributions: Empower Technologies' Linux DA.
      * [46]On the Desktop: The sound of Linux, first reports on KDE
        2.2.1, new GTK+ and XFce releases.
      * [47]Development: Web development projects, mpg321, Mozilla
        relicense, XML tools for C/C++, Python serial port library.
      * [48]Commerce: Bits of Freedom.
      * [49]History: Investments in Red Hat; HP wins fun patent of the
        week award; Embedded Systems Conference is big news.
      * [50]Letters: Digital rights; UDI; Free software businesses.
        
    ...plus the usual array of reports, updates, and announcements.
    
    This Week's LWN was brought to you by:
      * [51]Jonathan Corbet, Executive Editor
      * [52]Michael J. Hammel, Senior Editor
        
    September 27, 2001
    
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    [56]Eklektix, Inc. Linux powered! Copyright Л 2001 [57]Eklektix, Inc.,
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    8. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/commerce.php3
    9. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/press.php3
   10. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/announce.php3
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   14. http://lwn.net/daily/
   15. http://linuxcalendar.com/
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   21. http://lwn.net/op/Contact.html
   22. http://linux.tucows.com/
   23. http://news.tucows.com/ext2/
   24. http://unixthemes.tucows.com/
   25. http://lwn.net/2001/features/oreilly2001/
   26. http://lwn.net/2001/features/OLS/
   27. http://lwn.net/2001/features/MandrakeSoft.php3
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   29. http://lwn.net/2001/features/Singapore
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   33. http://lwn.net/2001/features/LarryWall/
   34. http://lwn.net/2001/features/Momjian/
   35. http://lwn.net/2000/features/Timeline/
   36. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/
   37. http://lwn.net/2001/0920/
   38. http://news.cnet.com/news/0-1003-201-7239473-0.html
   39. http://www.businesswire.com/cgi-bin/f_headline.cgi?bw.092401/212670771
   40. http://www.dhbrown.com/dhbrown/Linux.cfm
   41. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/a/ds-update.php3
   42. http://www.kvn.com/art03.html
   43. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/security.php3
   44. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/kernel.php3
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   46. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/desktop.php3
   47. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/devel.php3
   48. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/commerce.php3
   49. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/history.php3
   50. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/letters.php3
   51. mailto:lwn@lwn.net
   52. mailto:lwn@lwn.net
   53. http://ads.tucows.com/click.ng/buttonpos=lwnbutton125top
   54. http://ads.tucows.com/click.ng/buttonpos=125-001-016
   55. http://lwn.net/2001/0927/security.php3
   56. http://www.eklektix.com/
   57. http://www.eklektix.com/
 
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