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 From : Sergey Lentsov                       2:4615/71.10   13 Sep 2001  16:26:10
 To : All
 Subject : URL: http://www.lwn.net/2001/0913/history.php3
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    See also: [14]last week's Linux History page.
    
 This week in Linux history
 
    Six years ago: Miguel de Icaza released Midnight Commander version
    3.0, a Unix file manager and shell. Red Hat Commercial Linux 2.0 was
    released.
    
    Four years ago: Linux Systems Labs was offering the latest version of
    Redhat, 4.2 GPL, for $6.95 (which included a $5.00 donation to Linus
    Torvalds). Of course you could still get the CD for $1.95 without a
    donation.
    
    Three years ago ([15]September 17, 1998 LWN): Some people began to
    question the role that Richard Stallman was playing in the Linux
    world. An LWN article on the subject drew more hostile mail than
    anything else we have ever written. RMS is as uncompromising as ever,
    but somehow he seems less controversial these days (KDE "forgiveness"
    editorials notwithstanding). To an extent, that may be because his
    points on freedom have sunk in.
    
    The development kernel was 2.1.112; it was in the 2.2 feature freeze.
    2.0.36 was in the prepatch stage; people were complaining because Alan
    Cox would not include patches to make gcc 2.8 and egcs compile it
    correctly (due to stability concerns).
    
    Shipments of the international version of SuSE 5.3 were halted due to
    an unpleasant installation problem.
    
    Our "must read article of the week" showed a high degree of clue, in
    spite of this seeming bit of prime-time FUD.
    
      Yet, the idea that Linux could become a serious alternative to
      Windows still seems absurd, a dream born of desperation. How could
      any responsible company think about putting an operating system
      with no unified marketing or support organization to work in
      "mission-critical" situations? After all, Apple Computer Inc.,
      Novell Inc. and Sun all seem unable to stop Microsoft Corp. from
      dominating the desktop and, eventually, the server. How could a
      piece of free software, like Linux, ever hope to turn the tide?
      -- [16]ZDNet
      
    Two years ago ([17]September 16, LWN): a company called "Channel One
    Gmbh" registered the "Linux" trademark in Germany. Whatever their
    plans were, they didn't last long. Under great pressure, they caved in
    and signed the trademark over.
    
    IBM's first "Red Hat Certified" laptop turned out to not run Linux
    very easily or well; see [18]the lengthy instructions on how to make
    it go.
    
    The development kernel was 2.3.18; this kernel saw the long-awaited
    integration of PCMCIA support into the mainline source tree. Linus
    also [19]announced a feature freeze:
    
      The feature freeze should be turning into a code freeze in another
      two months or so, and a release by the end of the year. And as
      everybody knows, our targets never slip.
      
    One year (and quite a few new features) later the 2.4.0 kernel was
    still in testing.
    
    Caldera 2.3 was released that week, as were LinuxPPC 1999 Q3 and
    Yellow Dog Champion Server 1.1. Corel put out its first call for beta
    testers for its upcoming distribution. And SuSE 6.2 got a review:
    
      My view is that, if you study SuSE Linux, you'll see a revolution
      in the making that will devastate current hi-tech business models,
      causing a fundamental shift in the computing world. I found that
      Linux was the Aladdin's Cave of computing.
      -- [20]The Guardian.
      
    Cobalt Networks surprised people by becoming the second Linux company
    to file for an IPO.
    
    One year ago ([21]September 14, 2000 LWN):  looked at the "intense
    competition" in the Real Time Linux scene. The two largest players
    were [22]RTLinux and [23]RTAI. Lineo, through its acquisition of
    Zentropix, favored the RTAI approach. MontaVista had just joined the
    party with its own "hard real-time fully preemptable Linux kernel
    prototype".
    
      "Real-time capability is the final barrier to comprehensive
      adoption of Linux throughout the embedded systems industry," said
      MontaVista president and founder Jim Ready in the release.
      "MontaVista's hard real-time fully preemptable kernel technology
      advances Linux to the responsiveness attributes of proprietary
      kernel products."
      -- [24]Upside.
      
    Not everyone agreed that MontaVista's approach provided "hard"
    real-time capabilities.
    
    The current development kernel release was 2.4.0-test8. This version
    seemed to finally fix the file corruption bug that had proved
    particularly difficult. Linus added a note that only the current
    version of the GPL applies to the source - any future versions of the
    GPL would not automatically be applicable.
    
    Bob Young and Marc Ewing, founders of Red Hat, Inc., announced the Red
    Hat Center, a non-profit, private foundation. Now renamed the
    [25]Center for the Public Domain the project appears to be alive and
    well, having awarded over $5 million US in grants to projects
    worldwide.
    
    Andrew Leonard wrote [26]How Big Blue fell for Linux: chapter 7, part
    1 of his Free Software Project book (Salon).
    
      The story of how IBM made friends with free software hackers, from
      the early days when it dipped its toes into the Apache Project to
      its current headfirst plunge into Linux, is not the story of a
      carefully executed strategy. It is instead a tale of contingency,
      luck, a few committed engineers and a few canny executives. Its
      twists and turns hinge on the results of combating agendas,
      political maneuvering and software ambition. At its most mundane,
      it is a story that hints at how the battle for dominance over new
      software markets will be waged over the next few years. At its most
      metaphysical, it is a story that illuminates the contradictions
      inherent in the very concept of a "corporation."
      
    Section Editor: [27]Rebecca Sobol.
    September 13, 2001
    
    LWN Linux Timelines
    [28]1998 In Review
    [29]1999 In Review
    [30]2000 In Review
    
    
                                                         [31]Next: Letters
    
    [32]Eklektix, Inc. Linux powered! Copyright Л 2001 [33]Eklektix, Inc.,
    all rights reserved
    Linux (R) is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds
 
 References
 
    1. http://lwn.net/
    2. http://ads.tucows.com/click.ng/pageid=pageid=132-000-001-001
    3. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/
    4. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/security.php3
    5. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/kernel.php3
    6. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/dists.php3
    7. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/desktop.php3
    8. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/devel.php3
    9. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/commerce.php3
   10. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/press.php3
   11. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/announce.php3
   12. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/letters.php3
   13. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/bigpage.php3
   14. http://lwn.net/2001/0906/history.php3
   15. http://lwn.net/1998/0917/
   16. http://www.zdnet.com/zdnn/stories/zdnn_rc_display/0,3443,2136711,00.html
   17. http://lwn.net/1999/0916/
   18. http://www.pc.ibm.com/qtechinfo/MIGR-4BP6Q6.html
   19. http://lwn.net/1999/0916/a/freeze.html
   20. http://www.guardian.co.uk/online/story/0,3605,267330,00.html
   21. http://lwn.net/2000/0914/
   22. http://www.rtlinux.org/
   23. http://www.aero.polimi.it/projects/rtai/
   24. http://www.upside.com/texis/mvm/story?id=39be70cb0
   25. http://www.centerforthepublicdomain.org/home.html
   26. http://www.salon.com/tech/fsp/2000/09/12/chapter_7_part_one/
   27. mailto:lwn@lwn.net
   28. http://lwn.net/1999/features/1998timeline/
   29. http://lwn.net/1999/features/Timeline/
   30. http://lwn.net/2000/features/Timeline/
   31. http://lwn.net/2001/0913/letters.php3
   32. http://www.eklektix.com/
   33. http://www.eklektix.com/
 
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