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ru.linux
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From : Sergey Lentsov 2:4615/71.10 04 Oct 2001 17:57:08
To : All
Subject : URL: http://www.lwn.net/2001/1004/devel.php3
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Development projects
News and Editorials
Linux and Dedicated Systems Embedded Linux has been receiving a lot of
press lately. While Linux is well suited for embedded applications, it
also makes an excellent platform for developing and running dedicated
systems. A Dedicated system can be defined as a standard PC that is
running one or more dedicated tasks.
Examples of dedicated systems include home automation controllers,
factory automation controllers, routers, web cams, web weather
stations, and even office servers.
The differences between a dedicated system and an embedded system
include:
* It is built from generic, off the shelf PC hardware.
* It makes use of an Internal hard disk.
* A standard Linux distribution is typically installed.
* It is more suitable for small numbers of systems, embedded systems
are better for mass-produced devices.
* It is useful as a prototyping and concept testing platform for a
product that may ultimately evolve into a diskless embedded
system.
Here are some reasons why Linux is a good choice for a dedicated
system:
* Linux has proven reliability and security.
* Linux requires no licensing fees.
* A very rapid concept to working system cycle.
* Linux comes with a wide selection of free compilers and debuggers.
* Large software components such as databases and web servers are
freely available.
* A standard linux distribution is a software tool box full of tools
that usually work well together.
* The target system can be its own development system.
* Remote development is possible through ssh and X forwarding.
* Most of the work is already done, solutions can be built with
small amounts of custom code.
* Web servers allow multi-platform browser machines to be used as
user interfaces to the system.
As an example, your editor has been helping out the local public radio
station and discovered an area where a Linux based dedicated system
could be used. The station has been receiving its daily news
broadcasts from a satellite downlink system. The old system involves
manually loading reel-to-reel tapes, recording on the command of a
mechanical timer, and shuffling tapes into the broadcast studio. Many
things can go wrong with this process, mostly in the area of manually
handling tapes.
The replacement system was specified as follows:
* Audio recording is to be performed during the duration of a relay
closure from the satellite receiver.
* The relay signal should be fed to a printer port input pin.
* Audio files should be recorded in a standard file format such as
WAV.
* The recorded files should be served to the network on a web page.
* An existing Windows machine in the air studio should be able to
play the audio files.
* The system should do data management, automatically purging older
audio files.
* The system should be usable by people who don't know have a clue
about Linux.
* The system should be expandable to allow for multiple audio feeds.
To perform this task with a Linux box, it was necessary to find an
unused PC (Pentium 200) with an Ethernet card and a sound card. A
standard Red Hat operating system was installed on the machine. Two
pieces of custom software needed to be written, a C program that
monitors the switch closure and runs the recorder program, and a
Python program that creates and manages the web page. Both programs
ended up being about two pages long, and the rest of the system was
done with existing packages.
The program sound-recorder was used to do the audio recording, Apache
was used for the web server. It was possible to assemble the hardware
and software, write the glue software, and create a working system in
just a few evenings worth of time.
While dedicated systems are really nothing new, with the common office
server being a specialized case, it may be useful to give that old PC
a closer look in the light of what it can do as a dedicated system.
Clusters
Beowulf clusters: Measuring and implementing multiple parallel CPUs
(IBM developerWorks). Andrew Blais looks at [15]Beowulf clusters on
IBM's developerWorks. The author gives an overview of cluster systems,
looks at a number of existing clusters and discusses the required
software components. "In 1994, Thomas Sterling and Donald Becker built
the first computer to employ the Beowulf strategy. Curiously, they
didn't name their machine "Beowulf". They called it "Wiglaf" -- the
mythic Beowulf's friend (see Resources). Wiglaf had 16 nodes, and each
node supported a 100 MHz Intel DX4 processor (at first, these were 66
Mhz 486 chips), 16 MBytes of DRAM, 540 to 1 gigabyte drive, and a pair
of 10 Mbps Ethernet cards. Every hardware component was a COTS --
Commodity Off The Shelf. At the end of the day, Wiglaf was capable of
about 74 megaflops. Its price was less than $50,000."
Education
Happy Birthday Linux For Kids. The [16]Linux For Kids site is
celebrating its second birthday. In that time, the site has reviewed
over 100 applications. The new KDE Edutainment Project is looked at
this week, along with a review of the game Kugel.
SEUL/Edu report for October 1, 2001. [17]Issue 54 of the SEUL/Edu
Linux in Education report is out. The SEUL folks look at the KDE
Edutainment project, cover the Digikata open source school server
appliance, look at the Free Computing Curriculum Project, and review
several new Java projects.
Electronics
New Icarus Verilog Compiler. The [18]gEDA site lists a new version of
the Icarus Verilog electronic simulation language compiler dated
September 30, 2001. This release features support for Mac OS X and
Cygwin, work on the FPGA section, and bug fixes.
Embedded Systems
Embedded Linux Newsletter (LinuxDevices). The weekly [19]Embedded
Linux Newsletter has been posted from LinuxDevices.com. This issue
includes summaries of running Linux on the Sega Dreamcast, a device
profile on the Empower Palm III-clone, and a new streaming multimedia
solution for Linux.
Interoperability
Wine Weekly News. The latest [20]Wine Weekly News is out. Topics
include documentation inside of the Wine code, coping with
installShield 6, and Installing IE 5.01 under Wine.
Printing Systems
LPRng 3.7.8 released. After a long hiatus, there have been four recent
releases of the LPRng printing system in the last month. [21]LPRng
3.7.8 was released this week and fixes a few bugs and documentation
typos.
Science
New OIO delivers Image management, XML-based Multi-Lingual Support
(Linux Med News). Andrew P. Ho [22]examines the latest version of OIO,
the Open Infrastructure for Outcomes on Linux Med News. "Structured
content and fancy ontology may be good enough for some things, but
they cannot replace pictures. This is especially true in the surgical
domain, where microscopy, radiology, and photography are central to
describing patients' clinical status. Thanks to Alexander Chelnokov,
Ivan Somov, and Andrew Golovin, the OIO system is now a flexible and
seamless tool for handling images in the context of other structured
content."
Web-site Development
Midgard 1.4.2. The Midgard Community has released the [23]1.4.2
version of the Midgard Application Server. The release contains
Midgard core libraries, scripting language bindings for PHP4, Web
application server for the Apache platform and Asgard, the Web-based
administration interface. The 1.4.2 release provides major bug fixes
to the Midgard platform, and is recommended as an upgrade to all
production servers.
Midgard Weekly Summary #63. A new [24]Midgard Weekly Summary is making
the rounds after a long hiatus. Topics include a revamped Midgard web
site, and the new Midgard 1.4.2,
Zope News, October 1. The latest edition of [25]Zope News includes a
recap of the final Zope 2.4.1 release, the Component Architecture and
Enterprise Zope proposals, and a security hotfix for 2.2.0-2.4.1
related to the "fmt" attribute of dtml-var tags.
A look at Squid (Unix Review). Joe "Zonker" Brockmeier
[26]investigates Squid on Unix Review. "If you haven't heard of Squid
before, it's a package that handles proxy caching for Internet
objects. Note that I didn't say "Web pages," because Squid can handle
more than just HTML files. Squid can be used for a number of things,
including saving bandwidth, handling traffic spikes, and caching sites
that are occasionally unavailable. Squid can also be used for load
balancing." Squid has been released under the GPL license.
SkunkWeb 3.1 Beta 3 released. Version 3.1 beta 3 of the SkunkWeb Web
Application Server [27]has been released. This version adds FastCGI
support, has support for the ~user syntax, and deals with directories
that don't have an index.html file. Bug fixes and performance
improvements are also included.
Section Editor: [28]Forrest Cook
October 4, 2001
Application Links
[29]GIMP
[30]Mozilla
[31]Galeon
[32]High Availability
[33]ht://Dig
[34]mnoGoSearch
[35]MagicPoint
[36]Wine
[37]Worldforge
[38]Zope
More Information
[39]OpenSourceDirectory
[40]Freshmeat
[41]SourceForge
Programming Languages
Caml
Caml Weekly News for October 2, 2001. The most recent [42]Caml Weekly
News is out. Topics include a port of ocaml to mingw, downcasting with
coca-ml, a new ocaml regex library, and more.
The latest from the Caml Hump. This week, the [43]Caml Hump features
Mathplot, a GUI frontend for graphing functions with PostScript
output.
Haskell
Beginning Haskell (IBM developerWorks). IBM's developerWorks has [44]a
tutorial on haskell by David Mertz. Registration is required.
Java
Dynamic Web-based data access using JSP and JDBC technologies (IBM
developerWorks). Noel J. Bergman [45]looks at JSP and JDBC on IBM's
developerWorks. "This article discusses using the JSP and JDBC
technologies to integrate static, dynamic, and database content in Web
sites. For the purposes of simplicity and illustration, the JSP pages
here use short scriptlets to expose the JSP developer to the
underlying JDBC concepts instead of hiding them in custom tags. The
author introduces a key design approach that integrates JavaBeans
components with JDBC, similar to the way that JavaServer Pages
technology already uses beans with HTTP. He also provides code for
implementing this integration."
Lisp
September 2001 Free The X3J Thirteen!. The [46]September 2001 edition
of Free The X3J Thirteen! is out. "This issue covers the GNU CLISP
2.28 prerelease test campaign, an update on the CMU CL infrastructure
site, new open-source Lisp software by Franz, Inc., a call for GCL and
Maxima maintainers, a progress report on the SPARC and PPC ports of
SBCL, the SBCL Internals Documentation project and new versions of
CLiki, ECLS and OpenMCL."
SBCL Internals Documentation Project. A new documentation project for
Steel Bank Common Lisp [47]has been announced
Perl
Writing SAX Drivers for Non-XML Data (O'Reilly). Kip Hampton
[48]writes about the Perl implementation of SAX, the Simple API for
XML on XML.com. "SAX is an event-driven API in which the contents of
an XML document are accessed through callback subroutines that fire
based on various XML parsing events (the beginning of an element, the
end of an element,character data, etc.)
PHP
PHP Weekly News for October 1, 2001. The [49]October 1, 2001 edition
of the PHP Weekly News has been published. Topics include a fix for
the PHP-GTK extension, upcoming Greek and Polish manual translations,
SMB support, compiling with GCC 3.0.1, and more.
Python
Python 2.2a4 released. The fourth and probably last alpha version of
Python 2.2 has been [50]released. This release contains a number of
new features and enhancements, along with a number of bug fixes; see
the announcement for details. Those interested in what's new in 2.2
should also see [51]Andrew Kuchling's writeup.
Iterators and simple generators (IBM developerWorks). In an IBM
developerWorks article, David Mertz talks about [52]iterators and
simple generators in Python 2.2. "A generator is a function that
remembers the point in the function body where it last returned.
Calling a generator function a second (or nth) time jumps into the
middle of the function, with all local variables intact from the last
invocation."
Announcing gracePlot.py v0.5. GracePlot.py is a Python interface to
the Grace plotting package. Version 0.5 of gracePlot [53]has been
announced. This is a work in progress. Unlike GNUplot, Grace comes
with its own GUI.
Smalltalk
Cincom Smalltalk Journal. The [54]October 2001 edition of the Cincom
Smalltalk Journal is online and includes an article on Smalltalk and
Extreme Programming by Chet Hendrickson
XML
The latest from XML.com (O'Reilly). O'Reilly's [55]xml.com site
features new articles on Interactive Web Services with XForms,
Division of XML communities, and limits of the current DTD models.
Miscellaneous
A lingua franca for the Internet (The Economist). The Economist
[56]reviews a number of common programming languages. "WALK into any
big bookshop, and chances are that you will find a whole floor devoted
to weighty tomes with titles such as "UML in a Nutshell" or
"Programming Python". These books teach programming languages and
related software tools. With their mind-numbing use of acronyms, they
are not exactly a pleasure to read. But mastery of a programming
language is a step along the road to success for many a whiz-kid with
Internet ambitions."
Pipes in Linux and Windows (IBM developerWorks). IBM's developerWorks
initiates a series on operating system programming interfaces by
introducing [57]the use of pipes under Linux. "Pipes originally
appeared in the Bell Laboratories version of UNIX and have remained in
all UNIXes and Linux since their inception. A pipe is a stream of
bytes accessed through normal IO interfaces. It is created, and then
written to or read from using whatever read or write IO system calls
are available on the operating system. In the UNIX and Linux case, the
IO calls are read() and write()."
Section Editor: [58]Forrest Cook
Language Links
[59]Erlang
[60]g95 Fortran
[61]Guile
[62]Haskell
[63]Blackdown.org
[64]Caml
[65]Gnu Compiler for the Java Language
[66]IBM Java Zone
[67]Jython
[68]Perl News
[69]Use Perl
[70]PHP
[71]PHP Weekly Summary [72]Daily Python-URL
[73]Python.org
[74]Python.faqts
[75]Ruby
[76]MIT Scheme
[77]Schemers
[78]Smalltalk
[79]Tcl Developer Xchange
[80]Tcltk.com
[81]Regular Expressions
[82]Next: Commerce
[83]Eklektix, Inc. Linux powered! Copyright Л 2001 [84]Eklektix, Inc.,
all rights reserved
Linux (R) is a registered trademark of Linus Torvalds
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URL: http://www.lwn.net/2001/1004/devel.php3 |
Sergey Lentsov |
04 Oct 2001 17:57:08 |
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